BONE CELL (OSTEOCITO)

ITS RESPONSIBLE OF THE BONE FORMATION.

WHITE GLOBULE

IT PROTECT US FROM TOXIC MICROORGNISM

RED GLOBULE

TRANSPORTS OXYGEN TO THE BODY.

MUSCLE CELL

IS RESPONSIBLE OF THE MOVEMENT

NEURON CELL

THIS CELL IS REPONSIBLE FOR THE TRANSMISIONS OF THE NERVE IMPULSE

THE CELL

A cell is hundreds of times smaller than a sand dust, so we can only see it through the microscope. With the microscope we can see all kinds of cells, but we can also see one cell and its parts. On the XIX century, scientist found out that all tissue, animals or vegetables were formed with cells. They are different types and shapes of cells. The shape they have is related to the function they do, for example we have some sphere shape, like the ones on our blood called red globule.

The cells born, reproduce and die. During these stages they eat, breath, and eliminate toxic substances and consume energy. The cells are related to the outside world in many ways, they can react to the light, nutriments or toxic substances.

UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS

Unicellular Organism

Through the microscope we can observe with detail the parts of the living things. If we study plants and animals we can find small structures called cells. All the living things are formed with cells, so we have different kinds and structure of cells. Living things with one cell are called unicellular, for example ameba and bacteria; and they are responsible of breathing, eating, and reproducing. Then this unicellular organism transforms and makes more organisms with more than one cell, called pluricellular, for example animals and plants.

Bacteria: When the bacteria reproduce it’s divide to form two new cells. If they have enough food it can form two cells every 20 minutes. Many bacteria use water or air movement to transport to one place or another. Some bacteria live in the air or in the soil. Other live as parasite inside of living things. Most of the bacteria are hurtful to these living things. Some live in our digestive system, for example in the mouth, the stomach, the intestine and they help us to digest the food. From one kind of bacteria we can get some medicines, like antibiotics that help us against some diseases. Without bacteria, life in Earth will disappear really fast. We also have some bacteria that can make sick plants, animals and human beings they are called pathogen bacteria, for example tuberculosis, pneumonia, cholera. Even that they are so little bacteria can affect our health.

Other unicellular organism very important is the green-blue algae. They live in the water.
The amoebas are bigger organism than bacteria and they don’t have a definite shape. A lot of amoebas are parasites that live inside of animals or humans, and they cause sickness that could be dangerous if they are not treated on time. To prevent amoebas you can do some of the following tips:

1.Boil the water you drink for at least 10 minutes.
2.Disinfect fruits and vegetables.
3.Wash your hands before you eat and after going to the restroom.

Diversity and range of living things.

In earth we have a layer that goes from the highest mountains to the deepest oceans. It has 20 km. of thickness and it’s named Biosphere. In there we can find all the ecosystems; the natural ones (jungle, deserts, lakes) and the ones that have been changed like cities, towns, agriculture fields on rural communities, etc. The weather, types of soil, animals, plants and microorganism are important elements of each ecosystem. In all of this diversity, living things have characteristics of their own that allows them to adapt to the environment in which they live.

Even that they are so different, all living things share the same characteristics: they all need to breath and eat in order to have energy to grow and reproduce.Millions years ago, after Earth was formed, the first living things appeared.

They were small and very simple. As time passed, these organisms were multiplicated and became more different and complex. Today we have a great diversity of shapes and sizes of living things that live in almost all the places and climates of the world. All the living things that we can’t see at first sight we called them microscopic. Some examples are plants and animals that live in the water, soil, or air, and bacteria.

Thanks to the development of the microscope we are able to see these small living things. If we want to represent them in real size we could not do it. For that we need to amplify their size in a proportional way. In the case of big objects we need to make them smaller, we call this reduction.

A range tells us the number of times an object has been amplified or reduced and it can be expressed in centimeters.

ECOSYSTEMS

HERE IS A VERY INTERESTING VIDEO ABOUT ECOSYSTEMS, QUESTIONS ABOUT THE VIDEO COULD COME ON THE BIMESTRAL EXAM....
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AY8okmtEEEc

RURAL AND URBAN POLLUTION

RURAL POLLUTION:

1. WATER POLLUTION- WHEN WE THROW TRASH TO RIVERS, LAKES, SEA.

2.SOIL POLLUTION- WHEN WE BURN TRASH AND FARMERS FUMIGATE THE PLANTS.

URBAN POLLUTION

1. WATER- TRASH IN THE LAKES, ETC, WHEN WE DO LAUNDRY.

2. SOIL -BURN TRASH AND WHEN WE DONT SEPARATE THE FOOD, PLATIC, GLASS.

3. AIR- SMOKE OF FACTORIES, CARS, QUIMICHALS LIKE HAIR SPRAY, CIGARETTES, ETC.

* RURAL COMMUNITY = MORE PEOPLE = MORE CONTAMINATION *

NEW RELATIONSHIPS WITH NATURE

HOW TO AVOID POLLUTION:


- Water Pollution:
Use soap "zote" to do laundry.
Keep all water recipients closed.
Don´t throw trash to rivers, lakes, sea, etc.

-Air Pollution:
Don´t waste electric energy.
Use the bike or walk to go to close places.

-Soil Pollution
Don´t eat food wrapped so we can have less inorganic trash.
Separate the food in organic, inorganic and pet.