In earth we have a layer that goes from the highest mountains to the deepest oceans. It has 20 km. of thickness and it’s named Biosphere. In there we can find all the ecosystems; the natural ones (jungle, deserts, lakes) and the ones that have been changed like cities, towns, agriculture fields on rural communities, etc. The weather, types of soil, animals, plants and microorganism are important elements of each ecosystem. In all of this diversity, living things have characteristics of their own that allows them to adapt to the environment in which they live.
Even that they are so different, all living things share the same characteristics: they all need to breath and eat in order to have energy to grow and reproduce.Millions years ago, after Earth was formed, the first living things appeared.
They were small and very simple. As time passed, these organisms were multiplicated and became more different and complex. Today we have a great diversity of shapes and sizes of living things that live in almost all the places and climates of the world. All the living things that we can’t see at first sight we called them microscopic. Some examples are plants and animals that live in the water, soil, or air, and bacteria.
Thanks to the development of the microscope we are able to see these small living things. If we want to represent them in real size we could not do it. For that we need to amplify their size in a proportional way. In the case of big objects we need to make them smaller, we call this reduction.
A range tells us the number of times an object has been amplified or reduced and it can be expressed in centimeters.
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